The author does not address the variables of aptitude, personality type, emotional intelligence, nor neurosis. My experience shows that if you give a task with five steps to each person under you, each will find their frustration tolerance keeping them from reaching the fifth level at some point along the continuum. My men take 18 months of coaching to move them just one level forward. Coaching is recognizing that personality can be a maladaptive reaction to the narcissistic injury to the ego in childhood. The coach must find the right subjective approach to move the individual forward.

So very true. Decision making is a skill that needs to be learned like any other - with a lot of practice in different areas.